Ai Policing in Criminal Justice: Methods & Concerns in Crime Detection and Prevention in India

Abstract:

Artificial intelligence no longer remains a concept to be speculated about, in 2018, Daniel Flagella at INTERPOL in UN global meet mentioned the term AI Policing, which is a derivative theorem of AI and Law. This legal tech tool is and can be used to catch criminals and their unlawful acts through video technology, robotics, surveying crime scenes, facial recognition, analysis of text-based intelligence, video and audio analysis, vehicle identification, and surveillance which can enhance the propensity to deal with many crimes. AI algorithms through predictive policing can easily reduce the risk through the massive amount of data on criminal activities. However, the lack of human oversight in automated processes, inaccuracy of data, and biases in AI prediction due to social inequalities in the country are the imminent threat of misuse, inaccuracy of judgments, and threat to fundamental rights. AI Policing suffers from ethical and legal issues unless regulated and addressed effectively. This doctrinal study explores the applications of AI in policing to detect and prevent the crime before its occurrence. Further, it attempts to highlight the ethical and legal challenges in the execution of AI Policing in India. Finally, the study suggests measures to improve accuracy and efficiency in addressing the ethical and legal issues for a smart and robust criminal justice system.